The Balance of Probabilities

In care proceedings, the civil standard of evidence applies. This means that the court has to be satisfied that the evidence to show that your child is suffering or is at risk of suffering significant harm has been proved on the balance of probabilities. This phrase...

Significant Harm

Under section 31(2) of the Children Act 1989, a court can only make a care or supervision order if there is evidence on the balance of probabilities that a child has suffered or is likely to suffer ‘significant harm’. ‘Harm’ is defined by...

Emotional Harm/Abuse

  There are many ways we can hurt each other. The worst kinds of hurt are not necessarily the ones caused by physical attacks. To cause emotional harm to another person means that you have behaved in a way which will hurt someone’s sense of self, by making...

Ground Rules

This site is a work in progress. Here’s how we’ll operate it. Comments will be moderated. Respectful discussion only. Ideas welcome. This is a forum for creative thinking – people may change their views following discussion or over time. Please...

President Issues Transparency Consultation

The President of the Family Division, Sir James Munby, has recently issued a consultation about transparency. The President is the most senior Family Judge in England & Wales. He is asking for views on the following issues: Firstly, how the Guidance issued in...

Welcome to the Transparency Project

What is Transparency? Noun : 1 the transparency of the glass, translucency, limpidity, clearness, clarity 2 colour transparencies: slide, acetate. 3 the new government aims for better transparency : openness, accountability, straightforwardness, candour. Transparency...