There is an assumption in some parts of the media that the Family Courts are deliberately operating in a secretive manner in order to cover up the sinister conduct of social workers, doctors, and local authorities, and that is why hearings are held in private (ie in “secret”) and judgments are not released or only in heavily redacted form.
The recent transparency agenda promoted by Sir James Munby, President of the Family Division, has done something to address this. Old habits die hard, however, and the idea that there is some sort of conspiracy remains the default position for some journalists. They seem reluctant to believe that missing information has not merely been accidentally omitted but must have been intentionally suppressed.
This week provided a good example.
A case appeared on the BAILII legal website in which the parties were identified only by initials, and the judge’s name appeared to be missing. It is not unusual for parties’ names to be anonymised in this way, to protect the interests of children or other vulnerable parties involved in the case, but it is certainly unusual not to name or identify the judge. This fact was noted by a journalist working for the Press Association and circulated as a news story:
The identities of everyone involved in a family court case have been kept secret – including the identity of the judge.
Detail of the case has emerged in a written ruling published on a legal website.
It was duly picked up by the Telegraph newspaper, in a story bylined “by Agency”, which reported that
Judicial officials have revealed the identity of a judge whose name was missing from a written family court ruling she had made.
The identities of everyone involved in the case had been kept secret in a highly-unusual move.
Parties were listed as “RBC”, “R” & “J-M”, lawyers were not named and there was no indication of the identity of the judge.
With absolute predictability, a quote was obtained from “Liberal Democrat MP John Hemming,” described as “an MP who campaigns for improvements in family justice”, who said:
“I understand the need to protect children in family court cases. But not identifying the judge is taking anonymisation a step too far, I think.”
This is, in fact, on the tame side for Mr Hemming, who can usually be relied upon to complain vociferously about “secret” hearings “behind closed doors” etc etc. In fact, he even went so far on this occasion to tell the PA (though this was not quoted in the Telegraph) that
“I presume it’s just an error – and I hope it will be put right.”
In fact there was nothing to put right. A quick check with BAILII confirmed that the name never had been suppressed. It had simply been left off the HTML version of the judgment (the one you see first on the website). It was and always had been on the original transcript in RTF format which the judge had sent and which you can download with a simple click of the mouse and print out. Something neither the Press Association nor the Telegraph thought of bothering to do. Or any of the other reporters of the story, including (rather surprisingly) law firm Marilyn Stowe’s blog.
As the man from BAILII told me:
“So much for investigative journalism.”
Instead, as the Telegraph reported, the matter was referred to the Judicial Office who duly identified the judge as HHJ Eleanor Owens. The HTML version of the case has now been corrected. You can read it here: RBC v R & J-M [2014] EWFC B174
Comment
It’s important to remember that BAILII (which stands for the British and Irish Legal Information Institute) is a charity supported almost entirely by donations from law firms, barristers’ chambers and academic institutions. Although it receives a small amount of funding from the government (via the Ministry of Justice) this is probably less than the amount spent on publishing a far smaller number of judgments, sentencing remarks, judges’ speeches and procedural guidance on the MoJ’s own nattily redesigned (and harder to use) Courts and Tribunals Judiciary website.
Moreover, BAILII does not purport to exercise any kind of editorial selection or control over content. It just puts up judgments which have been given in open court or released for publication, in the form sent to them by judges or their clerks. If and when judges revise or approve their judgments for publication, these will be substituted for the original handed down version if and when sent to BAILII for that purpose. As they point out on their Disclaimers page:
(e) Judgments published on BAILII may not be the authentic version of the judgment.
(i) The HTML version is not the authentic version of the judgment. For many judgments of the English courts the Approved Judgment in .rtf format is also available to be downloaded from BAILII.
If notified of an error in a judgment, providing the notification comes from a reliable source, BAILII will correct or if necessary remove content. On the whole, especially if there’s the slightest doubt about the publication of something, they tend to err on the side of caution. But they’re not an official government agency and, run on a shoestring, they don’t have the resources actively to check everything.
On this occasion, it seems John Hemming MP was right in his assumption that the omission of the judge’s name was a mere slip, and did not justify getting steamed up about, despite the media’s efforts to turn it into a “story”.
By way of a postscript, I have since been told that the original Press Association story was linked to another, about a case in which a woman had been given a suspended sentence for contempt of court in open court but the judgment had mistakenly been transcribed and circulated in an anonymised version, listed only as “Re T (a child)”. That was contrary to practice guidance issued in May 2013 by Lord Judge, then Lord Chief Justice, and Sir James Munby, President of the Family Division (Practice Guidance (Committal Proceedings: Open Court) [2013] 1 WLR 1316), stating that people found to be in contempt of court had to be identified and contempt hearings had to be in open court. The judge, HHJ Judith Moir, reissued the judgment under the name Todd v Turnbull [2014] EWFC B169. On that occasion it did appear that the judge ought to have checked the transcript before releasing it. But whether the mistake is that of the judge, the transcribers, or BAILII, the fact remains that there is no conspiracy, just occasional human error.
I think this is a very interesting opportunity to shine a light on just how pernicious these slanted family law pieces are and the damage they do to the general public perception.
Many parents now on the facebook groups are whipped up into a frenzy over the slightest admin muddle because this is all of course deliberate and malign, not some cock up by overworked court staff whose numbers are repeatedly cut.
I have just been on a depressing thread where the fact that the court venue was changed at the last minute is asserted to be ‘deliberate’ by the LA in order to frustrate the parents’ chance of getting to court. The parent is advised to make an official complaint.
So all the energies that need to be directed to actually listening to and understanding what is being said about your parenting are channelled into irrational fury, to the ultimate detriment of their case and any sensible engagement with what the children actually need.
Why is no responsible investigative journalist apparently interested in looking at these issues?
Yes I agree it’s surprising that more responsible / thorough investigative journalists out there so rarely engage. I’d like to think this will change.
I also agree about ‘conspiracy’ posting / reporting and the harm it can do. Though I do also think insufficient attention sometimes gets paid to the impact of things like changing a court venue at the last moment on parents, some of whom may be really struggling whether financially, emotionally or just with trusting a system that seems stacked against them.
So, by adding the phrase ‘highly unsual move’ and omitting the comment that ‘I presume it was just an error’, the Telegraph has created a scandal where none existed.
I agree Alice – I didn’t mean to be dismissive of the anxiety and stress that a change of venue can cause; I have been at the sharp end of that a number of times.
What worries me however, is that parents are being encouraged to add to that anxiety an extra layer of an immediate assumption that this MUST be deliberate in order to prevent them coming to court.
It’s certainly not good enough that venues can change at the last minute. But to make a conspiracy out of every cock up is such a dangerous dilution or even complete diversion of energy. I don’t know what the Telegraph thinks it is doing, but this kind of childish concoction of non-existant scandal, is doing every one a serious disservice.
We have expanded Paul’s post into an article published by Jordans Family Law – http://www.familylaw.co.uk/news_and_comment/transparency-the-strange-case-of-the-judge-with-no-name#.VRrsR-HQMiQ